A growing body of research published in gerontology journals finds that the fear of falling is a big reason seniors adopt a sedentary lifestyle. Experts say this defensive response is understandable but it puts seniors in more peril -- not less -- because a lack of mobility weakens muscles and increases the risk of falls. Research also shows that falls are the reason behind 40 percent of nursing home placements; falls are also the leading cause of accidental death among older adults.

This site from the National Institute on Aging offers detailed instructions for seniors about starting an exercise program. www.nia.nif.gov/exercisebook/toc.htm.

The Centers for Disease Control site (www.cdc.gov/ncipc/duip/spotlite/falltips.htm) lists the fall prevention tips summarized below:

Fall Prevention Tips

Falls are not just the result of getting older. Many falls can be prevented.

1. Begin a regular exercise program. Exercise is one of the most important ways to reduce your chances of falling. It makes you stronger and helps you feel better. Exercises that improve balance and coordination (like Tai Chi) are the most helpful.

2. Make your home safer. About half of all falls happen at home.

• Remove things you can trip over (such as papers, books, clothes, and shoes) from stairs and places where you walk.
• Remove small throw rugs or use double-sided tape to keep the rugs from slipping.
• Keep items you use often in cabinets you can reach easily without using a step stool.
• Have grab bars put in next to your toilet and in the tub or shower.
• Improve the lighting in your home. As you get older, you need brighter lights to see well. Lamp shades or frosted bulbs can reduce glare.
• Have handrails and lights put in on all staircases.
• Wear shoes that give good support and have thin non-slip soles. Avoid slippers and athletic shoes with deep treads.

3. Have your health care provider review your medicines. Have your doctor or pharmacist look at all the medicines you take (including ones that don't need prescriptions). As you get older, the way some medicines work in your body can change. Some medicines, or combinations of medicines, can make you drowsy or light-headed which can lead to a fall.

4. Have your vision checked. Have your eyes checked by an eye doctor. You may be wearing the wrong glasses or have a condition that limits your vision. Poor vision can increase your chances of falling.

- Adapted from www.NPR.org, Nov. 25, 2003, with additional content as noted.